What Is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder Checklist

Check for symptoms you may experience, and take the results to your doctor.

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Everyone feels anxious from time to time — like when you're running late or interviewing for a job. People with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), however, feel some anxiety or worry almost constantly.

They often anticipate disaster or have exaggerated worries about a wide range of issues, from their health to their families to their daily responsibilities. Yet even when they recognize that the worrying is excessive, it is hard to control.

The Physical Effects of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

GAD affects their body, too. In fact, many people with generalized anxiety disorder visit their doctor with problems — like sleep troubles or muscle aches — without realizing these are common symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder.

About 5% of U.S. adults experience generalized anxiety disorder at some point during their lifetime, and about 3% have it in any given year.

Common Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

In addition to experiencing excessive, uncontrollable anxiety for 6 months or more, people with generalized anxiety disorder have at least three of the symptoms below more days than not.

Review the list of symptoms.

  • Restlessness or a feeling of being "keyed up" or "on edge"
  • Being easily fatigued
  • Difficulty concentrating or a sense of your mind going blank
  • Irritability
  • Muscle tension
  • Difficulty sleeping

Other physical symptoms associated with generalized anxiety disorder include:

  • Trembling, twitching, muscle soreness
  • Headaches, sweating or chills, nausea, dizziness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Diarrhea
  • Irritable bowel syndrome
  • Being easily startled

People with generalized anxiety disorder may also experience depression at some point.

What Causes Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

Your genes may be partly responsible for why generalized anxiety disorder develops. The same genetic factors that influence your risk for this anxiety disorder may also be related to those for major depressive disorder.

Research also suggests that while your genes may make you more vulnerable to developing this disorder, your environment could be the trigger that sets it off. Stressful experiences can intensify generalized anxiety disorder.

Brain Chemistry

Two natural chemicals in the brain, serotonin and norepinephrine, are thought to be linked to this condition, as well as to other anxiety disorders and depression. Prescription medications that affect these chemicals may help eliminate the symptoms of GAD.

Generalized anxiety disorder is more common in women than in men, and it usually starts in childhood or adolescence. Many adults with generalized anxiety disorder say they've been lifelong worriers, but it's not uncommon for this disorder to appear later in adulthood.

Treatment options are available that can help people with generalized anxiety disorder. Learn more and take action.